4000 Essential English Words 4 » Unit 13: The Big Race

Word List
  • affect [əˈfekt] v.
    To affect someone or something is to have an influence over them.
    The student’s poor attitude affected the other students in the class.
  • autograph [ˈɔːtəgrɑːf] n.
    An autograph is the written name of a famous person.
    Everybody wanted the movie star’s autograph.
  • bead [bi:d] n.
    A bead is a drop of liquid.
    Beads of water collected outside the glass.
  • brew [bru:] v.
    To brew coffee or tea means to pour hot water over it.
    Please brew a fresh pot of coffee.
  • charm [tʃɑːrm] v.
    To charm someone is to please them with your personality.
    Gail charmed everyone with her humorous stories.
  • destiny [ˈdestəni] n.
    A destiny is all the things that happen or will happen to a person in their life.
    It was his destiny to become a great singer.
  • horn [hɔːrn] n.
    A horn is a device that makes a loud noise.
    The boy honked his horn while he rode his bicycle past the house.
  • irritable [ˈirətəbəl] adj.
    When someone is irritable, they become annoyed or angry very easily.
    She is irritable when she doesn’t get enough sleep.
  • lag [læg] v.
    To lag behind is to move slowly behind other moving objects.
    The girl on rollerblades lagged behind the little girl on the bicycle.
  • maximize [ˈmæksəmaiz] v.
    To maximize something means to make it the biggest in size or amount.
    Businesses try to maximize their profits.
  • nightmare [ˈnaitmɛə:r] n.
    A nightmare is a bad or scary dream.
    The girl was scared to go back to sleep because she had a nightmare.
  • nutritious [njuˈtriʃəs] adj.
    When something is nutritious, it helps the body stay healthy.
    Mangoes are one of the most nutritious fruits in the world.
  • protein [ˈproutiːn] n.
    Protein is a substance that is necessary for the body to grow and be strong.
    Fish and beef are good sources of protein.
  • signature [ˈsɪgnətʃə:r] n.
    A signature is your name that you have written in your own way.
    I put my signature at the end of the letter.
  • stuff [stʌf] n.
    Stuff is a word used to refer to things without mentioning the things by name.
    We gave a lot of stuff to the charity.
  • subconscious [ˈsʌbˈkɒnʃəs] adj.
    When something is subconscious, it is done without thinking about it.
    Breathing is one of the subconscious things that the body does.
  • van [væn] n.
    A van is a vehicle that is used for carrying things but is smaller than a truck.
    The delivery company uses large vans to deliver packages.
  • warn [wɔːrn] v.
    To warn someone is to make them know of possible danger in the future.
    The lifeguard warned people to stay away from the rough ocean.
  • workout [ˈwəːrkaut] n.
    A workout is an exercise routine that helps improve health.
    She doesn’t do her workout on the weekends.
  • zoom [zuːm] v.
    To zoom is to move quickly.
    The cars zoomed along the road.
Exercise 1

Choose the right definition for the given word.

  1. irritable
    • a. to please
    • b. to get angry easily
    • c. having a routine
    • d. healthy
  2. zoom
    • a. to move quickly
    • b. dangerous
    • c. healthy
    • d. to attract
  3. subconscious
    • a. not aware
    • b. handwritten
    • c. bad dream
    • d. pleasing
  4. charm
    • a. to please
    • b. to make a noise
    • c. to exercise
    • d. to influence
  5. brew
    • a. to make coffee
    • b. to move slowly
    • c. to have a routine
    • d. to attract
Exercise 2

Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.

  1. Mary asked for the singer’s handwritten name.
    ____________
  2. He isn’t allowed to watch scary movies because they give him bad dreams.
    ____________
  3. Push everything to one side to make the most of the space of the gymnasium.
    ____________
  4. He borrowed a truck-like vehicle to help him move some of his furniture.
    ____________
  5. Ellen wanted to get to the gym and try a new exercise routine.
    ____________
  6. Harriet doesn’t like talking to Jesse when he’s easily annoyed.
    ____________
  7. The cars honked their devices for making noises while they waited in traffic.
    ____________
  8. If you don’t start trying harder, you will move slowly far behind the rest of us.
    ____________
  9. The sign makes aware of bears in the area.
    ____________
  10. Mother cooks me a healthy breakfast every morning.
    ____________
Exercise 3

Choose the answer that best fits the question.

  1. This is a good source of protein?
    • a. Vegetables
    • b. Tea
    • c. Beef
    • d. Sugar
  2. Stuff can be best described as what?
    • a. Sports equipment
    • b. A collection of unnamed things
    • c. A computer
    • d. Socks and shoes
  3. What is the most nutritious snack below?
    • a. An apple
    • b. French fries
    • c. A candy bar
    • d. Ice cream
  4. What is something you might put your signature on?
    • a. A business letter
    • b. A birthday cake
    • c. Your hand
    • d. The water
  5. If you lag behind your friends, you ______.
    • a. are slower than them
    • b. are heavier than them
    • c. wait for them
    • d. don’t care about them
  6. What are things that happen and will happen in a person’s life?
    • a. Their workout
    • b. Their destiny
    • c. Their stuff
    • d. Their autograph
  7. Which of the following is similar to a small truck?
    • a. A van
    • b. A horn
    • c. A charm
    • d. A lag
  8. What is a small drop of water called?
    • a. Bead
    • b. Signature
    • c. Protein
    • d. Nutritious
  9. What does it mean to have influence over something?
    • a. To charm
    • b. To maximize
    • c. To brew
    • d. To affect
  10. What are fire alarms meant to do?
    • a. Make people irritable
    • b. Give children nightmares
    • c. Warn people
    • d. Zoom past people
Answer Key
Exercise 1
  1. b
  2. a
  3. a
  4. a
  5. a
Exercise 2
  1. autograph
  2. nightmares
  3. maximize
  4. van
  5. workout
  6. irritable
  7. horn
  8. lag
  9. warns
  10. nutritious
Exercise 3
  1. c
  2. b
  3. a
  4. a
  5. a
  6. b
  7. a
  8. a
  9. d
  10. c
Answer Key
The Big Race

Alex woke up scared because of a nightmare. In it, he was running a race. Just before he reached the finish line, he fell. Alex thought that it was a subconscious way that his brain was trying to warn him about something. He was going to run in a race that day. Did the dream mean he was going to lose? He became irritable.

“Good morning,” said Alex’s mother. “I brewed some coffee and made you a special breakfast.” Alex didn’t want it. It had too much sugar. He needed something nutritious. So he prepared a meal that contained a lot of protein to maximize his energy for the race. Then his father asked, “Do you want help packing your stuff?” “No,” replied Alex. He wanted to make sure that he had all of his equipment for the race.

Alex’s family got in their van and drove to the track. When they arrived, a boy ran toward Alex. “Can I have your autograph?” asked the boy. Alex had many fans. He usually charmed everybody he spoke to. However, today Alex refused to give the boy his signature. He needed to think about his race.

He took his jump rope from his bag and started his usual workout. Maybe exercising would help him forget about the nightmare. “The race is about to start,” said the coach. Beads of sweat formed out of Alex’s sweat glands. All he could think about was his terrible dream. He thought it might be his destiny to become a loser. While he was thinking, he didn’t hear the horn that meant the race had started.

The runners zoomed toward the finish line. By the time Alex started, he lagged far behind everyone. He couldn’t run fast enough to catch up to the others. He had lost the race! He shouldn’t have let the nightmare affect him. He should have stayed focused on the race.

Reading Comprehension

Part A: Mark each statement T for true or F for false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.

  1. _____ Alex had a nightmare that he forgot his stuff at home.
    • _____________________________________________________
  2. _____ The dream made Alex irritable on the day of the race.
    • _____________________________________________________
  3. _____ Alex wanted to eat something with a lot of sugar for breakfast.
    • _____________________________________________________
  4. _____ Alex did a workout with his jump rope to help him feel less nervous.
    • _____________________________________________________
  5. _____ Beads of sweat formed out of Alex’s sweat glands.
    • _____________________________________________________
  6. _____ Alex lagged behind while the other runners zoomed past him.
    • _____________________________________________________

Part B: Answer the questions.

  1. What did Alex think his destiny might be?
    • a. To become irritable
    • b. To become a loser
    • c. To maximize energy
    • d. To have nightmares
  2. What did Alex’s father offer to help him do?
    • a. Clean the beads of sweat
    • b. Charm the fans for him
    • c. Pack his stuff
    • d. Brew some coffee
  3. What did the boy at the track ask Alex for?
    • a. His protein
    • b. His autograph
    • c. His prize
    • d. His bag
  4. What was Alex so affected by that he lost the race?
    • a. His nightmare
    • b. His nutritious meal
    • c. The horn
    • d. His signature
Answer Key
Answer Key
Reading Comprehension
Part A
  1. F / Alex has a nightmare that he fell during the race.
  2. T
  3. F / Alex wanted to eat something nutritious for breakfast.
  4. T
  5. T
  6. T
Part B
  1. b
  2. c
  3. b
  4. a
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