4000 Essential English Words 4 » Unit 14: The Brothers and the Bread

Word List
  • brick [brik] n.
    A brick is a block of hard clay that is used for building things, such as walls.
    There were several bricks scattered on the ground.
  • crumble [ˈkrʌmbl] v.
    To crumble means to break or fall apart into small pieces.
    The old house’s walls crumbled into a pile of rock and wood.
  • dough [dou] n.
    Dough is a mixture of flour and water that becomes bread when baked.
    I made heart-shaped cookies from the dough.
  • express [iksˈpres] v.
    To express a feeling or idea means to show others how one thinks or feels.
    The nurse expressed her sympathy for the sick patient.
  • fist [fist] n.
    A fist is a hand with fingers bent in toward the palm.
    The bully made a fist and threatened to hit the small boy.
  • flexible [ˈfleksəbəl] adj.
    If something is flexible, then it can bend easily without breaking.
    The tree branch was so flexible it could be bent into a circle and not break.
  • flush [flʌʃ] v.
    To flush means the face becomes red due to heat, illness, or emotion.
    After the long race, the runner’s face was flushed.
  • injure [ˈindʒər] v.
    To injure someone means to damage a part of their body.
    The car crash injured two people.
  • lump [lʌmp] n.
    A lump is a small piece of something that is solid.
    The artist took a lump of clay and turned it into a beautiful pot.
  • mixture [ˈmikstʃə:r] n.
    A mixture is something that is made by mixing other things together.
    The walls were built using a mixture of water, rock, and dirt.
  • reconcile [ˈrekənsail] v.
    To reconcile means to return to a friendly relationship.
    After arguing, the two friends were reconciled with each other.
  • ruin [ˈruːin] v.
    To ruin something means to harm or damage it greatly.
    Our walk in the park was ruined by the sudden rain.
  • shatter [ˈʃætə:r] v.
    To shatter something means to break it suddenly into many tiny pieces.
    When the ball hit the window, the glass shattered.
  • shutter [ˈʃʌtə:r] n.
    Shutters are wooden or metal covers in front of a window.
    Mr. Smith closed the shutters every night to make his bedroom dark.
  • sift [sift] v.
    To sift something means to remove all the large pieces.
    The baker sifted the flour into a large bowl.
  • slight [slait] adj.
    If something is slight, then it is small or minor.
    There was only a slight change in the little boy’s height.
  • sparkle [ˈspɑːrkəl] v.
    To sparkle means to shine brightly with quick flashes of light.
    The stars sparkled in the winter night’s sky.
  • sprinkle [ˈspriŋkəl] v.
    To sprinkle means to scatter something all over something else.
    He sprinkled the pasta with salt and black pepper.
  • stale [steil] adj.
    If food is stale, then it is not fresh but dry, hard, and not good to eat.
    The cookies sat on the table so long that they became stale.
  • utter [ˈʌtər] v.
    To utter a word or a sound means to say it.
    The lost boy was so scared that he could barely utter a single word.
Exercise 1

Choose the right definition for the given word.

  1. ruin
    • a. to damage
    • b. to hate
    • c. to fly
    • d. to cook
  2. brick
    • a. a fast car
    • b. a hard piece of clay
    • c. a best friend
    • d. a favorite kind of toy
  3. sprinkle
    • a. to scatter
    • b. to create
    • c. to mend
    • d. to agree
  4. injure
    • a. to run
    • b. to fall
    • c. to hurt
    • d. to roast
  5. slight
    • a. growing
    • b. minor
    • c. quick
    • d. risky
Exercise 2

Choose the answer that best fits the question.

  1. How would a man show others an emotion?
    • a. By flushing it
    • b. By injuring it
    • c. By ruining it
    • d. By expressing it
  2. Which of the following says that two former enemies become friends again?
    • a. To reconcile
    • b. To shatter
    • c. To utter
    • d. To sparkle
  3. How would you describe a girl who can stretch her leg behind her head?
    • a. A little bit stale
    • b. Very flexible
    • c. More than slight
    • d. Ready to crumble
  4. Which of these would you use to make bread?
    • a. A brick
    • b. Some dough
    • c. A fist
    • d. A lump
  5. Which word describes something usually found on windows?
    • a. Mixture
    • b. Crumble
    • c. Slight
    • d. Shutters
Exercise 3

Choose the word that is the better fit for each blank.

  1. brick / lump
    • Before the project, the clay was one big ____________ . But when he was finished, he made a perfectly square ____________ .
  2. reconciled / uttering
    • Five minutes ago, the two senators were ____________ insults at each other, but now they have ____________ because they both agree with the new law.
  3. shutters / sparkled
    • In the middle of the night, she got out of bed and opened the ____________ . She gazed at the sky where the stars ____________ like tiny fires.
  4. flushed / stale
    • The rice was not eaten soon enough, so it tasted ____________ . It made me feel sick and my face became ____________ .
  5. crumbled / dough
    • The cook picked up the block of cheese and ____________ it into little pieces. Then he mixed them with the ____________ before placing it in the oven.
  6. sift / shattered
    • When he started to ____________ the flour into the bowl, he slipped and dropped it. The bowl hit the ground and ____________ .
  7. fist / flexible
    • He hit the punching bag with his ____________ . Since the bag was ____________ , it did not break.
  8. sprinkle / mixture
    • The ____________ of ice cream and chocolate tastes good, but it will be even better if you ____________ sugar on the top of it.
  9. slight / expressed
    • The doctor ____________ a lot of concern for my hurt ankle, but I told him the pain was only ____________ .
  10. ruined / injured
    • The ship was ____________ when it crashed into the island. Even though it was greatly damaged, none of the passengers were ____________ .
Answer Key
Exercise 1
  1. a
  2. b
  3. a
  4. c
  5. b
Exercise 2
  1. d
  2. a
  3. b
  4. b
  5. d
Exercise 3
  1. lump / brick
  2. uttering / reconciled
  3. shutters /sparkled
  4. stale / flushed
  5. crumbled / dough
  6. sift / shattered
  7. fist / flexible
  8. mixture / sprinkle
  9. expressed / slight
  10. ruined / injured
Answer Key
The Brothers and the Bread

Two brothers wanted to go outside and play. However, because the only bread in the house was stale, their mother told them they needed to bake fresh bread.

“I have to have the car repaired,” she said. “When I return, if the bread is ready, you can play.”

The brothers hurried to prepare the bread, but not carefully. They didn’t sift the flour. They were careless and sprinkled too much salt into the mixture. The dough needed to be soft and flexible, but the salt made it into a lump that was as hard as a brick.

The younger brother uttered a sigh. “Now we have to start again,” he said.

“No, we don’t,” the older brother replied. “I’ll fix it. I just need to make the dough flat again and add water to it.”

He decided to hit the ball of dough with his fist to make it flat. But he hit it so hard that it flew right off of the table and knocked over a glass, which shattered. The dough then crashed into the kitchen window’s shutters and crumbled. Luckily, the brothers were not injured, but they did make a huge mess.

A slight mistake now became a major problem. The brothers had ruined the kitchen. Just then their mother returned. She saw the mess and became flushed with anger.

“Now you can’t play,” she said. “Instead, you have to clean the kitchen. I want this kitchen to be so clean that it may sparkle!”

The brothers cleaned the floor and expressed their sorrow to their mother. Soon, they were reconciled. But there was no bread, and it was too late to play. They realized that trying to do something quickly often makes more work.

Reading Comprehension

Part A: Mark each statement T for true or F for false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.

  1. _____ Because the bread was stale, the mother wanted them to bake fresh bread.
    • _____________________________________________________
  2. _____ The dough became a lump that was as hard as a brick.
    • _____________________________________________________
  3. _____ The bread needed to be hard and sturdy.
    • _____________________________________________________
  4. _____ The older brother uttered a sigh.
    • _____________________________________________________
  5. _____ The brothers had to clean the kitchen, so it may sparkle
    • _____________________________________________________
  6. _____ A major mistake only caused a slight problem.
    • _____________________________________________________

Part B: Answer the questions.

  1. What made the dough into a hard lump?
    • a. Not putting in enough water
    • b. Using too much salt
    • c. Expressing sadness
    • d. Not sifting the flour
  2. What happened when the older brother hit the dough with his fist?
    • a. The dough hit the shutters
    • b. A glass shattered.
    • c. The brothers were injured.
    • d. The dough crumbled.
  3. Why was the mother flushed with anger?
    • a. The dough was hard
    • b. The kitchen was ruined.
    • c. The brothers sighed.
    • d. The repair shop was closed.
  4. When were the brothers reconciled with their mother?
    • a. As she made fresh bread
    • b. When she returned from the store
    • c. Before she left the house
    • d. After they cleaned the kitchen
Answer Key
Answer Key
Reading Comprehension
Part A
  1. T
  2. T
  3. F / The dough needed to be soft and flexible.
  4. F / The younger brother uttered a sigh.
  5. T
  6. F / A slight mistake now became a major problem.
Part B
  1. b
  2. b
  3. b
  4. d
Favorite Books

The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 1: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 2: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 3: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 5: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 6: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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