4000 Essential English Words 5 » Unit 3: The Bachelor’s Lesson

Word List
  • analytic [ˌænəˈlitik] adj.
    If something is analytic, it is related to logic and reasoning.
    The analytic article criticized the new plan and presented one of its own.
  • assert [əˈsəːrt] v.
    To assert a fact or belief means to state it with confidence.
    He asserted that his mother’s cooking was better than his best friend’s.
  • bachelor [ˈbætʃələr] n.
    A bachelor is an unmarried man.
    Since he was a bachelor, Jason did his shopping by himself.
  • calculus [ˈkælkjələs] n.
    Calculus is an advanced type of mathematics.
    By using calculus, scientists determined small changes in the stars’ brightness.
  • celestial [səˈlestʃəl] adj.
    If something is celestial, it is related to the sky or to outer space.
    Comets are celestial objects that are rarely seen.
  • cognitive [ˈkɒgnətiv] adj.
    If something is cognitive, it is related to learning and knowing things.
    After her physical examination, her cognitive strengths were tested.
  • collision [kəˈliʒən] n.
    A collision is the act of two things hitting into each another.
    The collision between the two cars created a loud noise.
  • competent [ˈkɒmpətənt] adj.
    If someone is competent, they are able to think or act successfully.
    Competent employees are much better than unknowledgeable ones.
  • diploma [diˈploumə] n.
    A diploma is a certificate proving that someone has completed their studies.
    After four years of college, Mary finally had a diploma.
  • excel [ikˈsel] v.
    To excel at a subject or activity means to be very good at it.
    Jenny excels at playing the piano.
  • geology [dʒiˈɒlədʒi] n.
    Geology is the study of the Earth’s natural structures and how they change.
    Because he studied geology, he knew how the mountains were formed.
  • harness [ˈhɑːrnis] v.
    To harness something means to control and use it, usually to make energy.
    The sails harness the wind in order to move.
  • intellect [ˈintəlekt] n.
    An intellect is a person’s ability to understand things easily.
    She was known for her quick and strong intellect as well as her beauty.
  • keen [kiːn] adj.
    If someone is keen, they are intelligent.
    Only the keenest of students could have solved that math problem.
  • mythology [miˈθɒlədʒi] n.
    Mythology is a group of stories from a particular country or region.
    Egyptian mythology was the basis for a religion.
  • physiology [ˌfiziˈɒlədʒi] n.
    Physiology is the study of the various parts of living things.
    His work in physiology helped him understand how the human body works.
  • radioactive [reidiouˈӕktiv] adj.
    If something is radioactive, then it lets out, or is related to, radiation.
    Radioactive materials can be very bad for anyone’s health.
  • relativity [ˌreləˈtivəti] n.
    Relativity is a set of ideas about time and space developed by Albert Einstein.
    Relativity teaches that light travels at the same speed in the universe.
  • sociology [ˌsousiˈɒlədʒi] n.
    Sociology is the study of human society, its organizations, and problems.
    Sociology teaches that people’s problems are a result of their society.
  • theoretical [θiəˈretikəl] adj.
    If something is theoretical, it is based on theory rather than experience.
    His conclusion was only theoretical and not meant to be publicized.
Exercise 1

Choose the answer that best fits the question.

  1. What is geology the study of?
    • a. Earth’s life forms
    • b. Earth’s structures
    • c. Earth’s orbit
    • d. Earth’s atmosphere
  2. In physiology, you would probably study something like ______ .
    • a. the ocean’s waves
    • b. the soil
    • c. time and space
    • d. parts of living things
  3. Which of the following would NOT be considered celestial?
    • a. Stars
    • b. Comets
    • c. Navigation
    • d. Meteors
  4. What else does sociology deal with besides people and their culture?
    • a. People’s problems
    • b. Plant reproduction
    • c. Alien life forms
    • d. Ocean currents
  5. If you excel at something, then that means you are ______.
    • a. incompetent
    • b. brave
    • c. literate
    • d. good at something
Exercise 2

Choose the one that is similar in meaning to the given word.

  1. intellect
    • a. name
    • b. ability
    • c. speed
    • d. growth
  2. calculus
    • a. content
    • b. religion
    • c. design
    • d. math
  3. assert
    • a. state
    • b. explode
    • c. purchase
    • d. permit
  4. cognitive
    • a. friendly
    • b. expensive
    • c. colorful
    • d. learning
  5. diploma
    • a. money
    • b. mammal
    • c. license
    • d. tower
  6. mythology
    • a. folklore
    • b. business
    • c. freedom
    • d. beauty
  7. analytic
    • a. official
    • b. ancient
    • c. logical
    • d. patient
  8. harness
    • a. use
    • b. expand
    • c. discover
    • d. insist
  9. competent
    • a. brave
    • b. capable
    • c. handsome
    • d. broken
  10. collision
    • a. hammer
    • b. scar
    • c. school
    • d. crash
Exercise 3

Write C if the italicized word is used correctly. Write I if the word is used incorrectly.

  1. ______ In physiology, we studied various types of rock and the process that made them.
  2. ______ She feared that if no one married her, she’d be a bachelor her entire life.
  3. ______ Many old factories harnessed rivers and streams to power their equipment.
  4. ______ Her knowledge of different societies came from her work in sociology.
  5. ______ If the two bikes hadn’t turned at the last moment, there would have been a collision.
  6. ______ In geology, we learned about the importance of our bones.
  7. ______ The only proof that the new rocket would work was theoretical.
  8. ______ The car excelled every time he stepped on the gas pedal.
  9. ______ Learning about calculus in my literature class was a really enjoyable time.
  10. ______ The test proved that Mark was keener than his older brother Dave.
Exercise 4

Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.

  1. She really learned a lot from just one class of the beliefs and stories of different cultures.
    ____________
  2. When he states the fact with confidence that flowers can grow here, you believe him.
    ____________
  3. The tests will prove whether or not his discovery is real and not just based on theory.
    ____________
  4. The dangerous thing about nuclear power is the radiation waste it produces.
    ____________
  5. John has good learning skills that have helped him in his studies.
    ____________
  6. The stars and moon in outer space objects lit the path so I could see where I was walking.
    ____________
  7. Having a certificate of completed studies will give him more options for the future.
    ____________
  8. Albert Einstein’s ideas about time and space changed both science and the world.
    ____________
  9. You have to be very intelligent in orderto solve this puzzle in a short amount of time.
    ____________
  10. Every day the unmarried men came to her home to see which of them she might choose.
    ____________
Answer Key
Exercise 1
  1. b
  2. d
  3. c
  4. a
  5. d
Exercise 2
  1. b
  2. d
  3. a
  4. d
  5. c
  6. a
  7. c
  8. a
  9. b
  10. d
Exercise 3
  1. I
  2. I
  3. C
  4. C
  5. C
  6. I
  7. C
  8. I
  9. I
  10. C
Exercise 4
  1. mythology
  2. asserts
  3. theoretical
  4. radioactive
  5. cognitive
  6. celestial
  7. diploma
  8. relativity
  9. keen
  10. bachelors
Answer Key
The Bachelor’s Lesson

A keen young bachelor had finished his studies at the university. As soon as he had received his diploma, he asserted to everyone he met that he was the smartest person in town.

“I excel at everything I study,” he said, bragging about his knowledge. “I’ve mastered calculus and physiology. I even understand the great theoretical teachings of science, such as relativity. There is nothing that I don’t know. Whether it’s the movements of celestial objects, like planets and stars, or how to harness the power of radioactive substances, I know everything.”

But actually, there was something the bachelor did not know. Though his analytic abilities were great, he failed to notice he was missing something very important in his life.

One day while walking through town, the bachelor witnessed a collision between two cars. Both drivers appeared to be injured, but the scholar only stood and watched.

He thought to himself, “Those idiots should have been more alert. They really must not be very competent.” He never thought the drivers needed help.

“Please help me,” said the female driver in a weak voice. “Help me, too,” said the male driver. “I’m hurt and can’t move.”

Suddenly the bachelor realized he was the only person near the accident. He quit thinking and ran to help the drivers. He carefully helped them out of their vehicles and then called an ambulance.

The drivers were saved, and the bachelor felt the best he had in his entire life. Studying mythology, sociology, and geology didn’t give him this wonderful feeling. It was the act of helping others, not his cognitive skills, that gave him this great feeling.

He had learned an important lesson. He learned that intellect isn’t everything; being helpful is just as important. “Having only a brain is not enough,” he thought. “You must also have a heart.”

Reading Comprehension

Part A: Mark each statement T for true or F for false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.

  1. _____ The bachelor excelled at calculus, physiology, and theoretical science, such as relativity.
    • _____________________________________________________
  2. _____ He knew the movements of radioactive materials and how to harness the power of celestial objects.
    • _____________________________________________________
  3. _____ The bachelor thought the drivers in the collision were not competent.
    • _____________________________________________________
  4. _____ Studying mythology, sociology, and geology gave the bachelor a wonderful feeling.
    • _____________________________________________________
  5. _____ The bachelor’s intellect and not his cognitive talents had made him feel this great.
    • _____________________________________________________

Part B: Answer the questions.

  1. What did the keen bachelor assert after receiving his diploma?
    _____________
  2. What happened while the bachelor was strolling through town?
    _____________
  3. How did the bachelor feel after saving the drivers?
    _____________
  4. Despite his analytic abilities, what did the bachelor fail to notice about his life?
    _____________
  5. Besides a brain, what did the bachelor realize was important to have in life?
    _____________
Answer Key
Answer Key
Reading Comprehension
Part A
  1. T
  2. F / He knew the movements of celestial objects and how to harness the power of radioactive substances .
  3. T
  4. F / Studying mythology, sociology, and geology didn’t give the bachelor a wonderful feeling
  5. F / Helping others, not his cognitive talents, had made him feel this great.
Part B
  1. As soon as he had received his diploma, he asserted to everyone he met that he was the smartest person in town.
  2. One day while strolling through the town, the bachelor witnessed a collision between two cars.
  3. The bachelor felt the best he had in his entire life.
  4. Despite his analytic abilities, he failed to notice he was missing something very important in his life.
  5. Besides a brain, the bachelor realized that you must also have a heart.
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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 1: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 2: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 3: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 4: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 6: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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