4000 Essential English Words 6 » Unit 10: The Avalanche

Word List
  • accumulate [əˈkjuːmjəleit] v.
    To accumulate something is to collect a lot of it over time.
    The mail accumulated in their mailbox while they were on vacation.
  • aerial [ˈɛəriəl] adj.
    When something is aerial, it relates to being in the air or flying.
    The aerial photographer took pictures from the air balloon.
  • apparatus [ˌæpəˈræitəs] n.
    An apparatus is a device used for a particular purpose.
    The campers had an apparatus that showed them their exact location.
  • avalanche [ˈævəlæntʃ] n.
    An avalanche is a large amount of snow, ice, and rock falling off a mountain.
    The avalanche destroyed the mountain village.
  • consistency [kənˈsistənsi] n.
    Consistency is the state of always behaving in the same way.
    Her consistency in archery meant that our team had a chance to win.
  • convection [kənˈvekʃən] n.
    Convection is the flow of hot air through gas or liquid.
    The weather changed because of convection in the atmosphere.
  • discharge [ˈdistʃɑːrdʒ] v.
    To discharge someone is to allow them to leave from a place, usually a hospital.
    I was discharged from the hospital after three days.
  • intact [inˈtækt] adj.
    When something is intact, it is complete and not damaged.
    Despite being over ten years old, my father’s model ship is still intact.
  • mortal [ˈmɔːrtl] adj.
    When a person is mortal, they cannot live forever.
    All people are mortal.
  • omen [ˈɑumən] n.
    An omen is a sign of what will happen in the future.
    He thought that seeing a black cat in the street was an omen of bad luck.
  • overcast [ˈouvərˈkæst] adj.
    When the sky is overcast, it is full of clouds and is not sunny.
    The sky was overcast in the morning, but by noon it was bright again.
  • poignant [ˈpɔinjənt] adj.
    When something is poignant, it causes a very strong feeling of sadness.
    The girls cried at the end of the poignant movie.
  • ranger [ˈreindʒə:r] n.
    A ranger is a person who protects the forest or parks.
    Peter wanted to be a ranger because he liked spending time outside.
  • rubble [ˈrʌbəl] n.
    Rubble is piles of broken stone and wood created after a building is destroyed.
    There was rubble all over the city after the earthquake.
  • seclude [siˈklu:d] v.
    To seclude someone means to keep them away from other people.
    She was secluded on an island for over a year.
  • sideways [ˈsaidˌweiz] adv.
    If something moves sideways, then it moves to or from the side.
    Jim turned sideways in order to slow down and stop his snowboard.
  • sob [sɒb] v.
    To sob is to cry loudly.
    I sobbed when my youngest daughter got married.
  • sober [ˈsoubə:r] adj.
    When something or someone is sober, they are serious and calm.
    After the funeral, everybody felt very sober.
  • speck [spek] n.
    A speck is a very small mark or amount.
    A speck of blood appeared where the mosquito bit him.
  • upbringing [ˈʌpˌbriŋiŋ] n.
    An upbringing is the way that someone is taught to behave by their parents.
    He had a strict upbringing and was never allowed to watch television.
Exercise 1

Choose the one that is similar in meaning to the given word.

  1. omen
    • a. sign
    • b. storm
    • c. accident
    • d. item
  2. apparatus
    • a. method
    • b. idea
    • c. device
    • d. name
  3. convection
    • a. weather
    • b. belief
    • c. heat flow
    • d. movement
  4. sob
    • a. watch
    • b. serve
    • c. wait
    • d. cry
  5. seclude
    • a. study
    • b. repair
    • c. hide
    • d. purchase
  6. ranger
    • a. forest worker
    • b. police
    • c. lumberjack
    • d. guard
  7. avalanche
    • a. landslide
    • b. snowstorm
    • c. disaster
    • d. believable
  8. accumulate
    • a. impressive
    • b. winning
    • c. collect
    • d. wave
  9. rubble
    • a. boards
    • b. dirt
    • c. ruins
    • d. ice
  10. upbringing
    • a. background
    • b. routine
    • c. schedule
    • d. experience
Exercise 2

Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.

  1. The accident wasn’t serious, and Ernest was released from the hospital quickly.
    ____________
  2. My grandfather says that if you have itchy hands, it’s a(n) sign that you’ll receive money soon.
    ____________
  3. The book’s emotional descriptions taught me that war brings sadness to everyone.
    ____________
  4. The photograph was perfect except for a tiny mark on the corner.
    ____________
  5. The child cried loudly because his mother wouldn’t buy him a toy he wanted.
    ____________
Exercise 3

Choose the one that is opposite in meaning to the given word.

  1. overcast
    • a. warm
    • b. bright
    • c. morning
    • d. apparent
  2. consistency
    • a. irregularity
    • b. delicacy
    • c. loyalty
    • d. intelligence
  3. poignant
    • a. gloomy
    • b. supportive
    • c. thoughtful
    • d. unemotional
  4. intact
    • a. alive
    • b. broken
    • c. aged
    • d. tired
  5. mortal
    • a. natural
    • b. content
    • c. deadly
    • d. everlasting
  6. speck
    • a. huge
    • b. fragment
    • c. far
    • d. clear
  7. sober
    • a. drunk
    • b. caring
    • c. calm
    • d. ready
  8. discharge
    • a. cure
    • b. imprison
    • c. pay
    • d. arrive
  9. aerial
    • a. from ground
    • b. technology
    • c. emergency
    • d. safety
  10. sideways
    • a. quickly
    • b. forward
    • c. again
    • d. safely
Exercise 4

Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the word bank.

WORD BLANK
aerial accumulated sober rubble
intact overcast avalanche sideways
ranger mortal    

Before the storm, it was very windy and 1___________ outside.
When it began to snow, it quickly 2___________ on the roof.

The old wall fell over 3___________ and broke to pieces.
Afterwards, nothing was left but some 4___________ .

The photograph, though old, was still 5___________ .
It showed my father in his forest 6___________ uniform.

After the 7___________ , much of the town was destroyed by snow.
8___________ photographs showed that only a few houses remained.

It was a very 9___________ moment for him when his wife passed away.
He truly realized that people are 10___________ .

Answer Key
Exercise 1
  1. a
  2. c
  3. c
  4. d
  5. c
  6. a
  7. a
  8. c
  9. c
  10. a
Exercise 2
  1. discharged
  2. omen
  3. poignant
  4. speck
  5. sobbed
Exercise 3
  1. b
  2. a
  3. d
  4. b
  5. d
  6. a
  7. a
  8. b
  9. a
  10. b
Exercise 4
  1. overcast
  2. accumulated
  3. sideways
  4. rubble
  5. intact
  6. ranger
  7. avalanche
  8. aerial
  9. sober
  10. mortal
Answer Key
The Avalanche

Randy was a forest ranger. Because of his job, he was secluded in a cabin in the wilderness.

One day, the radio reported, “Convection in the atmosphere is causing a lot of clouds to form. A serious storm ...” Suddenly, the radio went silent. The signal was lost.

He went outside and looked at the overcast sky. Anybody else would have taken the dark sky as an omen of a very bad storm, but not Randy. His upbringing had taught him consistency. He had done this job for years, and nothing could stop him. Besides, he thought nothing could hurt him.

Today, he had a very important task to do. The snow was starting to pile up high on the mountain. If too much accumulated, it could cause an avalanche. But Randy had an apparatus to get rid of the snow. It used dynamite to shake the snow and make the top * layer of snow come down.

As the snow started falling, he thought about returning to the office until the storm stopped, but he decided not to. Suddenly, he heard a loud noise behind him. It was an avalanche! He started to run, but within seconds, he was knocked sideways and buried by the snow and rubble from an old cabin that had been destroyed. An aerial rescue team came quickly. Randy was just a speck amongst the great pile of snow, but the team found him thanks to his brightly colored jacket. They quickly took him to a hospital.

After a few hours, Randy woke up in the hospital. He looked at the sober faces of the doctors and saw his wife sobbing.

“What’s wrong?” he asked. He didn’t remember what had happened.

“You were almost killed!” his wife said.

“You broke several ribs. But the rest of you is still reasonably intact. You are really lucky to be alive,” the doctor said.

After five days, Randy was discharged from the hospital. The experience had taught him a poignant lesson: he was a mortal, and nature was much more powerful than him.

Reading Comprehension

Part A: Mark each statement T for true or F for false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.

  1. _____ The avalanche was caused by convection in the atmosphere.
    • _____________________________________________________
  2. _____ Randy’s job as a ranger had taught him consistency.
    • _____________________________________________________
  3. _____ Randy had an apparatus that moved snow sideways to help avoid avalanches.
    • _____________________________________________________
  4. _____ Randy was seen by the aerial rescue team thanks to his brightly colored jacket.
    • _____________________________________________________
  5. _____ According to the doctor, Randy was lucky to be alive after the avalanche.
    • _____________________________________________________

Part B: Answer the questions.

  1. What was the overcast sky an omen of?
    _____________
  2. What did Randy see when he woke up after the avalanche?
    _____________
  3. Why was Randy secluded in the wilderness?
    _____________
  4. How long was it before Randy was discharged from the hospital?
    _____________
  5. What poignant lesson did Randy learn from his experience?
    _____________
Answer Key
Answer Key
Reading Comprehension
Part A
  1. F / The avalanche was caused by snow which accumulated on the mountain.
  2. F / Randy’s upbringing had taught him consistency.
  3. F / Randy had an apparatus that used dynamite to help avoid avalanches.
  4. T
  5. T
Part B
  1. The overcast sky was an omen of a very bad storm.
  2. When Randy woke up, he saw his wife sobbing and the sober faces of the doctors.
  3. Because of his job, Randy was secluded in the wilderness.
  4. Randy was discharged after five days in the hospital.
  5. Randy learned the poignant lesson that he was only a mortal and that nature was much more powerful than him.
Favorite Books

The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 1: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 2: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 3: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 4: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 5: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

Read more